Which of the following statements are correct with reference to human endoskeleton?

A. Human skull is monocondylic.
B. The joint between any two adjoining vertebrae is a cartilaginous joint.
C. In human beings, the number of cervical vertebrae is seven.
D. All ribs except the last 2 pairs are bicephalic.
E. The occipital bone of skull is articulated with atlas vertebra.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

We examine each statement about the human endoskeleton one by one.

A. “Human skull is monocondylic.”
The term *monocondylic* describes a joint that has a single rounded condyle (e.g., the hip joint). The skull is composed of many bones joined by sutures, not a single condyle. Therefore this statement is false.

B. “The joint between any two adjoining vertebrae is a cartilaginous joint.”
Adjacent vertebrae are connected by intervertebral discs, which are fibro‑cartilage structures. These are classified as cartilaginous (amphiarthrodial) joints. Hence this statement is true.

C. “In human beings, the number of cervical vertebrae is seven.”
All humans, regardless of neck length, possess exactly seven cervical vertebrae (C1–C7). This is a well‑established anatomical fact, so the statement is true.

D. “All ribs except the last 2 pairs are bicephalic.”
A *bicephalic* rib has two articular facets on its head. The first rib has only one facet, and the 11th and 12th ribs (the last two pairs) are “false ribs” that lack costal cartilage and also are not bicephalic. Consequently the statement is false.

E. “The occipital bone of skull is articulated with atlas vertebra.”
The occipital bone bears two condyles that form the atlanto‑occipital joints with the superior articular facets of the atlas (C1). This articulation enables nodding movements of the head. Thus the statement is true.

Summarizing the truth values:

• A – false
• B – true
• C – true
• D – false
• E – true

Therefore the correct group of statements is **B, C and E only**.