Which one of the following ancient towns is well-known for its elaborate system of water harvesting and management by building a series of dams and channelizing water into connected reservoirs?

The correct option is Dholavira.

Explanation:

Dholavira is an ancient Harappan (Indus Valley Civilization) city located on Khadir Bet island in the Rann of Kutch, Gujarat, India.

It is exceptionally renowned for its sophisticated water management and harvesting system, which was uniquely adapted to the arid climate of the region. The inhabitants constructed a series of massive reservoirs, stone-cut dams, and elaborate check dams across two seasonal streams—Manhar and Mansar—to channelize rainwater into interconnected reservoirs.

This ingenious system stored fresh water to sustain the city throughout the year, making Dholavira one of the finest early examples of hydraulic engineering in human history.