Which personality theorist emphasized the concept of fully-functioning person and ideal self?

The correct option is Rogers.

Carl Rogers, a prominent American psychologist and one of the founders of the humanistic approach to psychology, introduced several key concepts regarding personality development and the self.

Here is a step-by-step breakdown of the concepts mentioned in the question and why they are associated with Rogers:
1. The Fully-Functioning Person: Rogers used this term to describe an individual who is in touch with their deepest feelings and desires. Such a person is open to experience, lives in the present moment, trusts their own feelings and instincts, and is continuously growing and changing.
2. The Ideal Self: In his self theory of personality, Rogers distinguished between the "Real Self" (who we actually are) and the "Ideal Self" (who we want to be or who we feel we should be). He emphasized that a healthy personality develops when there is congruence (alignment) between the real self and the ideal self. When a large gap exists between these two selves, it leads to incongruence, which can cause anxiety and maladjustment.

Let's briefly look at the other theorists to see why they do not fit:
• Maslow: Abraham Maslow is famous for his hierarchy of needs and the concept of self-actualization, but he did not originate the specific terms "fully-functioning person" or "ideal self" in the way Rogers did.
• Freud: Sigmund Freud founded psychoanalysis and focused on the division of the psyche into the id, ego, and superego, emphasizing unconscious conflicts.
• Eysenck: Hans Eysenck was a trait theorist who focused on temperament and genetics, identifying dimensions of personality such as Extraversion-Introversion and Neuroticism-Stability.

Therefore, the concepts of the "fully-functioning person" and the "ideal self" are central to the humanistic personality theory of Carl Rogers.