With reference to Madanapalle of Andhra Pradesh, which one of the following statements is correct?

The correct option is: Rabindranath Tagore translated the National Anthem from Bengali to English here.

Step-by-Step Explanation:

1. Historical Significance of Madanapalle:
Madanapalle is a town located in the Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh. It holds a very important place in India's freedom movement and literary history.

2. Translation of the National Anthem:
In February 1919, Nobel Laureate Rabindranath Tagore visited Besant Theosophical College in Madanapalle. During his stay here, he translated his original Bengali poem "Jana Gana Mana" into English, titling it "The Morning Song of India".

3. Composition of the Tune:
It was also at Madanapalle that Margaret Cousins (wife of the principal of Besant Theosophical College, James H. Cousins) helped set the musical notation and tune for the National Anthem, which is sung to this day.

4. Verification of Options:
- Pingali Venkayya: He designed the Indian National Flag, but his work and presentation to Mahatma Gandhi are associated primarily with Vijayawada, not Madanapalle.
- Pattabhi Sitaramayya: He was a prominent leader in the freedom movement from Andhra, but Madanapalle was not the primary base for leading the Quit India Movement.
- Theosophical Society: Madame Blavatsky and Colonel Olcott established the headquarters of the Theosophical Society at Adyar in Madras (now Chennai), not in Madanapalle (though Annie Besant established the Besant Theosophical College in Madanapalle).

Therefore, the statement regarding Rabindranath Tagore translating the National Anthem from Bengali to English at Madanapalle is historically correct.