With reference to Rowlatt Satyagraha, which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. The Rowlatt Act was based on the recommendations of the ‘Sedition Committee’.

2. In Rowlatt Satyagraha Gandhiji tried to use the Home Rule League.

3. Demonstrations against the Simon Commission coincided with the Rowlatt Satyagraha.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

The correct answer is 1 and 2 only.

Let us analyze each statement step-by-step to understand why this option is correct:

Statement 1: The Rowlatt Act was based on the recommendations of the ‘Sedition Committee’.
This statement is correct. The Rowlatt Act (officially known as the Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919) was passed by the Imperial Legislative Council in March 1919. It was formulated based on the recommendations of the Sedition Committee of 1918, which was chaired by Sir Sidney Rowlatt. The committee was tasked with investigating revolutionary conspiracies in India and suggesting measures to suppress them.

Statement 2: In Rowlatt Satyagraha Gandhiji tried to use the Home Rule League.
This statement is correct. When Mahatma Gandhi organized the Rowlatt Satyagraha in 1919 to protest against the oppressive Rowlatt Act, he utilized the organizational network of the Home Rule League. The Home Rule League, which had been founded by Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak, provided a ready-made structure of active workers and local branches that Gandhiji used to mobilize mass support and coordinate the Satyagraha meetings across the country.

Statement 3: Demonstrations against the Simon Commission coincided with the Rowlatt Satyagraha.
This statement is incorrect. The events did not coincide because they occurred in completely different periods:
- The Rowlatt Satyagraha took place in the year 1919.
- The Simon Commission was constituted in 1927 and arrived in India in February 1928, leading to nationwide demonstrations in 1928 (nearly a decade after the Rowlatt Satyagraha).

Therefore, only statements 1 and 2 are correct, making 1 and 2 only the correct option.