With reference to the United Nations Convention on the Law of Sea, consider the following statements:
1. A coastal state has the right to establish the breadth of its territorial sea up to a limit not exceeding 12 nautical miles, measured from baseline determined in accordance with the convention.
2. Ships of all states, whether coastal or land-locked, enjoy the right of innocent passage through the territorial sea.
3. The Exclusive Economic Zone shall not extend beyond 200 nautical miles from the baseline from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Correct Answer :
1, 2 and 3
Solution :
The correct option is 1, 2 and 3.
Let us analyze each statement step-by-step with reference to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS):
Statement 1 is correct:
According to Article 3 of UNCLOS, every State has the right to establish the breadth of its territorial sea up to a limit not exceeding 12 nautical miles, measured from baselines determined in accordance with this Convention. Therefore, statement 1 is accurate.
Statement 2 is correct:
According to Article 17 of UNCLOS, under the section on innocent passage, ships of all States, whether coastal or land-locked, enjoy the right of innocent passage through the territorial sea. Therefore, statement 2 is accurate.
Statement 3 is correct:
According to Article 57 of UNCLOS, the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) shall not extend beyond 200 nautical miles from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured. Therefore, statement 3 is accurate.
Since all three statements (1, 2, and 3) are correct, the correct option is "1, 2 and 3".
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