With reference to the use of nanotechnology in health sector, which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. Targeted drug delivery is made possible by nanotechnology.
2. Nanotechnology can largely contribute to gene therapy.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

The correct option is Both 1 and 2.

Step-by-step Explanation:

1. Understanding Targeted Drug Delivery (Statement 1):
Nanotechnology allows for the creation of nanoscale particles, such as liposomes, dendrimers, and nanoparticles, which can be loaded with therapeutic drugs. These nanoparticles can be engineered to specifically target diseased cells (like cancer cells) by utilizing ligands that bind to receptors overexpressed on those cells. This localized approach minimizes damage to healthy tissues, reduces side effects, and increases the efficacy of the treatment. Therefore, targeted drug delivery is indeed made possible by nanotechnology, making Statement 1 correct.

2. Understanding Nanotechnology's Role in Gene Therapy (Statement 2):
Gene therapy involves introducing, removing, or altering genetic material within a patient's cells to treat a disease. A major challenge in gene therapy is the safe and efficient delivery of genetic material (like DNA or RNA) into the target cells. Nanoparticles (such as cationic lipids and polymeric nanoparticles) serve as highly effective, non-viral vectors for transporting genes across cell membranes, protecting the genetic cargo from degradation in the bloodstream. Consequently, nanotechnology contributes significantly to the advancement of gene therapy, making Statement 2 correct.

Since both statements 1 and 2 are correct, the appropriate choice is "Both 1 and 2".