Question Details

Among [I3]+, [SiO4]4−, SO2Cl2, XeF2, SF4, ClF3, Ni(CO)4, XeO2F2, [PtCl4]2−, XeF4, and SOCl2, the total number of species having sp3-hybridised central atom is:

Show Answer

Correct Answer :

5

Solution :

To determine the total number of species having an sp3-hybridised central atom, we can calculate the steric number (SN) for the central atom of each given chemical species.
The formula for steric number is given by:

Steric Number (SN)=12×[V+MC+A]

where:
V = number of valence electrons of the central atom
M = number of monovalent atoms attached to the central atom
C = charge on the cation
A = charge on the anion

The relationship between Steric Number and Hybridisation is:
• SN = 4 ⇒ sp3 hybridisation
• SN = 5 ⇒ sp3d hybridisation
• SN = 6 ⇒ sp3d2 hybridisation
• SN = 4 (for transition metal complexes with strong field ligands/dsp2) ⇒ dsp2 hybridisation

Let us determine the hybridisation for each species step-by-step:

1. [I3]+:
Central atom: Iodine (V = 7)
Monovalent atoms attached (M) = 2
Cationic charge (C) = 1

SN=12×[7+21]=4

Since SN = 4, the hybridisation of the central iodine atom is sp3.

2. [SiO4]4−:
Central atom: Silicon (V = 4)
Monovalent atoms attached (M) = 0 (Oxygen is divalent)
Anionic charge (A) = 4

SN=12×[4+0+4]=4

Since SN = 4, the hybridisation of Silicon is sp3.

3. SO2Cl2:
Central atom: Sulfur (V = 6)
Monovalent atoms attached (Cl, M) = 2
Oxygen is divalent (doesn't count in M)

SN=12×[6+2]=4

Since SN = 4, the hybridisation of Sulfur is sp3.

4. XeF2:
Central atom: Xenon (V = 8)
Monovalent atoms attached (F, M) = 2

SN=12×[8+2]=5

Since SN = 5, the hybridisation of Xenon is sp3d.

5. SF4:
Central atom: Sulfur (V = 6)
Monovalent atoms attached (F, M) = 4

SN=12×[6+4]=5

Since SN = 5, the hybridisation of Sulfur is sp3d.

6. ClF3:
Central atom: Chlorine (V = 7)
Monovalent atoms attached (F, M) = 3

SN=12×[7+3]=5

Since SN = 5, the hybridisation of Chlorine is sp3d.

7. Ni(CO)4:
Central atom: Nickel (d8s2 system, oxidation state = 0)
CO is a strong field ligand, so it causes pairing of electrons resulting in d10 configuration.
The 4 pairs of electrons from 4 CO ligands enter one 4s and three 4p orbitals.
Hence, hybridisation of Nickel is sp3.

8. XeO2F2:
Central atom: Xenon (V = 8)
Monovalent atoms attached (F, M) = 2

SN=12×[8+2]=5

Since SN = 5, the hybridisation of Xenon is sp3d.

9. [PtCl4]2−:
Central atom: Platinum (5d8 system, Pt2+ ion).
Since 5d transition series complexes always form low-spin square planar complexes regardless of ligand field strength, it forms a square planar complex with dsp2 hybridisation.

10. XeF4:
Central atom: Xenon (V = 8)
Monovalent atoms attached (F, M) = 4

SN=12×[8+4]=6

Since SN = 6, the hybridisation of Xenon is sp3d2.

11. SOCl2:
Central atom: Sulfur (V = 6)
Monovalent atoms attached (Cl, M) = 2

SN=12×[6+2]=4

Since SN = 4, the hybridisation of Sulfur is sp3.

Summary:
The species having an sp3-hybridised central atom are:
1. [I3]+
2. [SiO4]4−
3. SO2Cl2
4. Ni(CO)4
5. SOCl2

Therefore, the total number of species with sp3-hybridised central atom is 5.

The correct answer is 5.

Unlock Our Free Library

Access expert-curated educational resources and study materials—completely free.

Discover more resources

You may also like

Mock Tests

View All
  • JEE
  • intermediate
  • 3 hours
  • chemistry, mathematics, physics
  • Proctored

  • JEE
  • intermediate
  • 3 hours
  • chemistry, mathematics, physics

Ask AI Tutor
5 left
Q1 View Question & Options
AI Tutor is solving this question...
Reading question context & options...