Asia is at the front line of climate change. Extreme heat in India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, wildfires in Australia, typhoons in Japan, are real and present dangers and likely to become more frequent as climate change intensifies. McKinsey’s report on ‘Climate risk and response in Asia’, finds that, without adaptation and mitigation, Asia is expected to experience more severe socioeconomic impacts of climate change than other parts of the world. Large cities in the Indian Subcontinent could be among the first places in the world to experience heat waves that exceed the survivability threshold. Just as information systems and cybersecurity have become integrated into corporate and public-sector decision making, climate change will also need to feature as a major factor in decisions. Climate science tells us that some amount of warming over the next decade is already locked in due to past emissions, and temperatures will continue to rise. India anticipates a significant infrastructure build out over the next decades with projects worth $1.77 trillion across 34 sub sectors, according to the National Infrastructure Pipeline. Robust regulations around outdoor work could significantly reduce the economic risk of lost hours as well as the toll on life from heat waves. The good news is that we have started to see some Indian states and cities pursuing such policies. Ahmedabad City Corporation introduced a heat action plan- the first of its kind in India in response to the 2010 heat wave that killed 300 people in a single day. The city now has a heat-wave early warning system, a citywide programme of roof reflectivity to keep buildings cool, and teams to distribute cool water and rehydration tablets during heat waves. Renewable energy has grown rapidly in India and can contribute 30 per cent of gross electricity generation by 2030, according to the Central Electricity Authority.
Consider the following statements:
I. The impact of increasing heat is more on the ones who are economically poor and engaged in outdoor employment.
II. Risk to environment is directly related to change in climate.
III. A localised understanding of climate risk is essential to mitigate the risk.
As per the above passage, which of these statements is implicit?
Correct Answer :
I, II and III.
Solution :
The correct answer is I, II and III.
Let us analyze each statement based on the provided passage:
Statement I: The passage explicitly highlights that large cities in the Indian Subcontinent face extreme heat waves exceeding survivability thresholds and mentions that "robust regulations around outdoor work could significantly reduce the economic risk of lost hours as well as the toll on life from heat waves." Outdoor workers, who are predominantly economically vulnerable, bear the brunt of these severe temperatures in terms of health tolls and lost wages/working hours. Thus, Statement I is implicit.
Statement II: The passage details various environmental hazards—such as wildfires in Australia, extreme heat in India/Pakistan/Bangladesh, and typhoons in Japan—and directly attributes their increasing frequency and danger to intensifying climate change. Therefore, the risk to the environment is directly linked to changes in climate, making Statement II implicit.
Statement III: The passage illustrates the importance of localized responses by citing Ahmedabad's Heat Action Plan (with early warning systems, roof reflectivity programs, and hydration distribution) following a devastating 2010 heat wave. This demonstrates that understanding climate risks at a local level is essential to design and implement effective mitigation strategies. Thus, Statement III is implicit.
Since all three statements (I, II, and III) are implicit in the passage, the option I, II and III. is correct.
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