Chetan’s first language was Bhojpuri. Since arriving in Tamil Nadu, he no longer speaks Bhojpuri and only speaks English with the natives. When the new second language replaces the native language, this is an example of :

The correct option is Subtractive bilingualism.

Explanation:

Subtractive bilingualism occurs when learning a second language comes at the expense of the first language (native language). In this scenario, the second language gradually replaces the native language, leading to a decline or loss of proficiency in the first language.

In Chetan's case, after moving to Tamil Nadu, he stopped speaking his first language (Bhojpuri) and completely replaced it with English when communicating with natives. Because his native language is being replaced rather than maintained alongside the new language, this is an example of subtractive bilingualism.

Other Options Analysis:

• Bilingualism: The ability to use two languages, typically maintaining both languages rather than losing one.

• Code-switching: The practice of alternating between two or more languages or language varieties in the context of a single conversation.

• Code-mixing: The mixing of two or more languages or language varieties within a single sentence or utterance without a full shift from one language to another.