Consider the following statements related to colloids:
(I) Lyophobic colloids are not formed by simple mixing of dispersed phase and dispersion medium.
(II) For emulsions, both the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium are liquid.
(III) Micelles are produced by dissolving a surfactant in any solvent at any temperature.
(IV) Tyndall effect can be observed from a colloidal solution with dispersed phase having the same refractive index as that of the dispersion medium.
The option with the correct set of statements is:
Correct Answer :
(I) and (II)
Solution :
The correct option is (I) and (II).
Let us analyze each statement step-by-step to determine its correctness:
Statement (I): "Lyophobic colloids are not formed by simple mixing of dispersed phase and dispersion medium."
Analysis: Lyophobic colloids (solvent-repelling) have very little affinity between the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium. Therefore, they cannot be prepared simply by mixing the dispersed phase with the dispersion medium. Special methods (such as chemical methods or physical dispersion methods) are required for their preparation. Thus, Statement (I) is correct.
Statement (II): "For emulsions, both the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium are liquid."
Analysis: An emulsion is a type of colloidal system in which both the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium are liquids (e.g., milk, butter). Thus, Statement (II) is correct.
Statement (III): "Micelles are produced by dissolving a surfactant in any solvent at any temperature."
Analysis: The formation of micelles takes place only above a specific temperature called the Kraft temperature (Tk) and above a specific concentration called the Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC). Micelles are not formed at any temperature or in any solvent indiscriminately. Thus, Statement (III) is incorrect.
Statement (IV): "Tyndall effect can be observed from a colloidal solution with dispersed phase having the same refractive index as that of the dispersion medium."
Analysis: One of the essential conditions to observe the Tyndall effect is that the refractive indices of the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium must differ greatly in magnitude. If both have the same or nearly the same refractive index, light scattering does not occur significantly, and the Tyndall effect cannot be observed. Thus, Statement (IV) is incorrect.
Conclusion: Statements (I) and (II) are correct. Therefore, the set of correct statements is given by the option containing (I) and (II).
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