Question Details

Direction for Reading Comprehension: The passages given here are followed by some questions that have four answer choices; read the passage carefully and pick the option whose answer best aligns with the passage


I’ve been following the economic crisis for more than two years now. I began working on the subject as part of the background to a novel, and soon realized that I had stumbled across the most interesting story I’ve ever found. While I was beginning to work on it, the British bank Northern Rock blew up, and it became clear that, as I wrote at the time, “If our laws are not extended to control the new kinds of super-powerful, super-complex, and potentially superrisky investment vehicles, they will one day cause a financial disaster of global-systemic proportions.”... I was both right and too late, because all the groundwork for the crisis had already been done—though the sluggishness of the world’s governments, in not preparing for the great unraveling of autumn 2008, was then and still is stupefying. But this is the first reason why I wrote this book: because what’s happened is extraordinarily interesting. It is an absolutely amazing story, full of human interest and drama, one whose byways of mathematics, economics, and psychology are both central to the story of the last decades and mysteriously unknown to the general public. We have heard a lot about “the two cultures” of science and the arts—we heard a particularly large amount about it in 2009, because it was the fiftieth anniversary of the speech during which C. P. Snow first used the phrase. But I’m not sure the idea of a huge gap between science and the arts is as true as it was half a century ago—it’s certainly true, for instance, that a general reader who wants to pick up an education in the fundamentals of science will find it easier than ever before. It seems to me that there is a much bigger gap between the world of finance and that of the general public and that there is a need to narrow that gap, if the financial industry is not to be a kind of priesthood, administering to its own mysteries and feared and resented by the rest of us. Many bright, literate people have no idea about all sorts of economic basics, of a type that financial insiders take as elementary facts of how the world works. I am an outsider to finance and economics, and my hope is that I can talk across that gulf.


My need to understand is the same as yours, whoever you are. That’s one of the strangest ironies of this story: after decades in which the ideology of the Western world was personally and economically individualistic, we’ve suddenly been hit by a crisis which shows in the starkest terms that whether we like it or not—and there are large parts of it that you would have to be crazy to like—we’re all in this together. The aftermath of the crisis is going to dominate the economics and politics of our societies for at least a decade to come and perhaps longer.

All of the following, if true, could be seen as supporting the arguments in the passage, EXCEPT:

Options

A

The failure of economic systems does not necessarily mean the failure of their ideologies.

B

The story of the economic crisis is also one about international relations, global financial security, and mass psychology.

C

The difficulty with understanding financial matters is that they have become so arcane.

D

Economic crises could be averted by changing prevailing ideologies and beliefs.

Show Answer

Correct Answer :

Option C

The difficulty with understanding financial matters is that they have become so arcane.

Solution :

The correct option is: "The difficulty with understanding financial matters is that they have become so arcane."

Step-by-Step Explanation:

To determine which option does not support the arguments in the passage (the "EXCEPT" option), let us analyze the author's primary claims and see how each option interacts with them:

1. Analyze the author's argument regarding financial understanding:
The author states: "Many bright, literate people have no idea about all sorts of economic basics, of a type that financial insiders take as elementary facts of how the world works." The author also notes: "I am an outsider to finance and economics, and my hope is that I can talk across that gulf."
This indicates that the author believes the general public's difficulty in understanding finance is not because the subject matter itself is inherently and hopelessly arcane, but rather due to a gap in communication, education, and access to the "economic basics" that are otherwise elementary.

2. Evaluate the selected option:
The option "The difficulty with understanding financial matters is that they have become so arcane" suggests that the core issue is the inherently mysterious and complex nature of finance. This directly contradicts the author's premise that the basics of economics are simple (taken as "elementary facts" by insiders) and that the gap can be bridged with simple, accessible communication. Because it opposes the author's viewpoint, it does not support the passage's argument and is the correct "EXCEPT" choice.

3. Why the other options do not fit the "EXCEPT" criteria (i.e., they align with or support the passage):
- "The story of the economic crisis is also one about international relations, global financial security, and mass psychology." supports the author's claim that the crisis is a "global-systemic" event involving "byways of mathematics, economics, and psychology."
- "The failure of economic systems does not necessarily mean the failure of their ideologies" and "Economic crises could be averted by changing prevailing ideologies and beliefs" relate directly to the author's discussion on the ideology of individualism and how it interacts with systemic failures.

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