Former Governor of a State and National Democratic Alliance (NDA) candidate Droupadi Murmu was elected the 15th President of India, the first tribal woman to be elected to the position and the youngest as well. She was declared elected on Thursday after four rounds of counting, although she had crossed the half-way mark after the third round of counting itself, posting an unassailable lead over her rival and the Opposition’s candidate who conceded the election thereafter. Prime Minister Narendra Modi was the first to greet Ms. Murmu at her residence in New Delhi after the third round of counting showed that she had crossed the half-way mark.
Ms. Murmu hails from the Santhal tribe and was born in the district of Mayurbhanj, coming up the hard way in life, graduating and teaching in Odisha before entering electoral politics at the local body level and later being elected MLA and serving as a Minister in the Biju Janata Dal-BJP coalition government from 2000 to 2004. She remained an MLA till 2009, representing Rairangpur in Odisha, a town that burst into celebrations since her name was announced as a candidate for the post of President of India. She was known to intervene in stopping amendments to the Chota Nagpur Tenancy Act that was being brought in by the BJP government of Raghubar Das, which involved changing land use in tribal areas.
Voting in an Indian Presidential Election is through:
Correct Answer :
A proportional representation system through a single transferable vote cast in a secret ballot
Solution :
The correct option is A proportional representation system through a single transferable vote cast in a secret ballot.
Step-by-step Explanation:
1. Constitutional Provision: According to Article 55(3) of the Constitution of India, the election of the President of India is held in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of a single transferable vote, and the voting is conducted by secret ballot.
2. Key Concepts of Presidential Voting:
- Proportional Representation: Unlike the First-Past-The-Post system used in general parliamentary or assembly elections, the presidential election ensures proportional representation by giving calculated value to the votes of elected representatives (MPs and MLAs) based on population statistics.
- Single Transferable Vote (STV): Electors mark their preferences (1, 2, 3, etc.) for the candidates. If no candidate reaches the required quota of votes in the first preference count, the candidate with the fewest votes is eliminated, and their votes are transferred to other candidates according to subsequent preferences specified on those ballot papers.
- Secret Ballot: The voting is secret to maintain fairness and freedom of choice without party whips enforcing mandatory votes.
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