In each of the following questions, four words are highlighted in bold. These bold words may or may not be placed correctly in the sentence. The sentence is followed by answer choices that show the correct pair(s) of words that need to be exchanged with one another so that the sentence becomes both grammatically accurate and contextually meaningful. Identify the right combination of word swaps. If the sentence requires no changes, choose option (E).

Dumping of industrial channel (A) leads present (B) to aquatic animals harm (C) in the deeper waste (D) of the river.

The correct option is Only (A) -(D) and (B) -(C).

Step-by-Step Explanation:

Let's analyze the original sentence and the placement of the bold words:

"Dumping of industrial channel (A) leads present (B) to aquatic animals harm (C) in the deeper waste (D) of the river."

1. Analyzing position (A) and (D):

The phrase "industrial channel" does not make sense in the context of dumping materials. What is dumped into rivers is industrial waste. Similarly, "deeper waste of the river" is incorrect; the correct geographical term is "deeper channel of the river". Therefore, exchanging (A) channel and (D) waste restores meaning to both parts.

2. Analyzing position (B) and (C):

The structure "leads present to aquatic animals harm" is grammatically incorrect. The verb "leads to" should be followed by the noun "harm" (i.e., "leads to harm"), and "present" should describe the location or existence of the aquatic animals (i.e., "aquatic animals present in..."). Thus, exchanging (B) present and (C) harm makes the sentence grammatically accurate and meaningful.

Corrected Sentence:

"Dumping of industrial waste leads harm to aquatic animals present in the deeper channel of the river." (or "...leads to harm to aquatic animals present...")

Hence, the correct pair of word swaps is (A) -(D) and (B) -(C).