In each of the questions given below five words are given in bold. These four words may or may not be in their correct position. The sentence is then followed by options with the correct combination of words that should replace each other in order to make the sentence grammatically and contextually correct. Find the correct combination of the words that replace each other. If the sentence is correct as it is then select option (e) as your choice.

In behavioural economics, choices (A) are interventions (B) that influence people’s choices to make certain decisions (C) without restricting (D) the nudges (E) available to them.

The correct answer is Option E-A, meaning the words at positions (E) "nudges" and (A) "choices" must be swapped with each other.

Original sentence:
"In behavioural economics, choices (A) are interventions (B) that influence people's choices to make certain decisions (C) without restricting (D) the nudges (E) available to them."

After applying the E-A swap:
"In behavioural economics, nudges are interventions that influence people's choices to make certain decisions without restricting the choices available to them."

Why this swap is correct — Step-by-step reasoning:

Step 1 — Identify the subject of the sentence.
The sentence is about a concept in behavioural economics. The subject (the thing being defined) must be a well-known term from that field. "Nudges" is the correct subject here, as it is a foundational concept in behavioural economics, popularized by Thaler and Sunstein.

Step 2 — Check the predicate logic.
The sentence defines the subject as "interventions that influence people's choices." This is precisely the textbook definition of a nudge — a nudge is a type of intervention. So "nudges are interventions" is both grammatically and contextually sound.

Step 3 — Verify the end of the sentence.
The phrase "without restricting the choices available to them" is perfectly logical. This is in fact the defining characteristic of nudges: they guide behaviour without eliminating or restricting the available options (choices). The word "choices" fits naturally here.

Step 4 — Confirm why the original sentence is wrong.
In the original, "choices are interventions" is semantically awkward — choices are not typically defined as interventions. Similarly, "without restricting the nudges available to them" makes no sense, because nudges are the tool being applied, not the options people have available to them.

Conclusion:
Swapping (E) nudges ↔ (A) choices produces a sentence that is both grammatically correct and contextually precise, accurately capturing the definition of nudges in behavioural economics.