In the context of inclusion, curriculum learning expectations are the same in ______ , while in ________, they are different.

Correct Option: accommodation; modification

In the context of inclusive education, understanding the distinction between instructional accommodations and modifications is essential:

1. Accommodation: Accommodations alter how a student learns or accesses the curriculum without changing the actual learning expectations or grade-level standards. Examples include providing extra time on tests, using audiobooks, or preferential seating. The learning expectations remain the same for the student.

2. Modification: Modifications change what a student is expected to learn. They alter the curriculum content, learning goals, or performance standards to align with the student's specific abilities. Examples include reducing the complexity of reading materials or assessing alternate simplified learning objectives. Thus, the learning expectations are different.

Therefore, curriculum learning expectations are the same in accommodation, while in modification, they are different.