In which method does the learners’ first language play a central role in teaching ?

The correct option is Grammar-Translation method.

Explanation:

The Grammar-Translation method is a traditional approach to language teaching where foreign languages are taught through the detailed study of grammar rules, followed by the application of this knowledge to translating sentences and texts into and out of the target language.

In this method, the learner's first language (mother tongue) serves as the primary medium of instruction. It plays a central role as lessons are explained in the native language, and vocabulary is learned through direct translation lists.

Let's briefly examine why the other options are incorrect:

• Communicative language teaching method: Focuses on interaction and real-life communication in the target language, minimizing reliance on the first language.
• Task-based learning: Focuses on completing meaningful tasks using the target language.
• Direct method: Refrains from using the learner's native language entirely and teaches the target language directly through demonstration and context.