Interpolator in a CNC machine

The correct option is coordinates axes movements.

An interpolator in a Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine is a vital software or hardware component of the Machine Control Unit (MCU). Its primary function is to coordinate the movement of the machine axes (such as X, Y, and Z) to generate a precise tool path (like a straight line or an arc) between specified start and end points.

Here is a step-by-step breakdown of how it works:

1. Input Data Reception: The CNC program provides the starting coordinates, destination coordinates, and the feed rate for a tool movement.
2. Interpolation Calculation: Since a contour or diagonal path requires simultaneous motion of multiple axes at varying or coordinated speeds, the interpolator calculates the intermediate coordinate points along the path in real-time.
3. Velocity and Axis Coordination: It computes the individual velocities for each axis servo motor so that their combined movement conforms exactly to the programmed path (e.g., linear or circular interpolation).
4. Signal Generation: The interpolator generates a series of coordinated command signals or coordinate pulses and sends them to the axis controllers/drives to execute the synchronized movement.

Therefore, the interpolator specifically coordinates axes movements rather than controlling secondary functions like spindle speed, tool changers, or canned cycles.