Match the List-I with List-II.
| List-I | List-II | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| A. | Mikhail Bakhtin | I. | “Archeology of the Human Sciences” |
| B. | Michael Foucault | II. | “Text can be either readerly or writerly” |
| C. | Roland Barthes | III. | “Dialogue as the intrinsic feature of language” |
| D. | Sigmund Freud | IV. | “Dreams end the unconscious” |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Correct Answer :
A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
Solution :
The correct option is A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV.
Let us break down the matching between the theorists in List-I and their corresponding concepts or works in List-II step-by-step:
A. Mikhail Bakhtin matches with III. “Dialogue as the intrinsic feature of language”
Mikhail Bakhtin was a highly influential Russian philosopher and literary theorist. He is well-known for his concept of dialogism. Bakhtin argued that language is not a static or monologic system; rather, it is inherently dialogic. Meaning is created dynamically through interaction, social exchange, and the relationship between the speaker, the listener, and the broader social context. Therefore, dialogue is seen as the intrinsic feature of language.
B. Michel Foucault matches with I. “Archeology of the Human Sciences”
Michel Foucault was a prominent French philosopher and social theorist. One of his seminal works is The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Sciences (originally published in French as Les Mots et les choses in 1966). In this work, Foucault employs his "archaeological" method to investigate the historical conditions and structures of knowledge (epistemes) that underlie the emergence of the modern human sciences.
C. Roland Barthes matches with II. “Text can be either readerly or writerly”
Roland Barthes, a major French literary theorist and semiotician, introduced the distinction between readerly (lisible) and writerly (scriptible) texts in his influential 1970 work S/Z. A readerly text is one that is straightforward, passive, and conforms to traditional narrative conventions, leaving the reader as a consumer of fixed meaning. A writerly text, on the other hand, is open, challenging, and invites the reader to actively participate in co-creating the text's meaning.
D. Sigmund Freud matches with IV. “Dreams and the unconscious”
Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis, famously posited that dreams are the "royal road to the unconscious." In his groundbreaking book The Interpretation of Dreams (1899), Freud detailed how repressed desires, conflicts, and unconscious processes manifest in disguised forms within our dreams, making the study of dreams essential to understanding the human unconscious mind (note: the table contains a slight typo where it reads "Dreams end the unconscious", which is a common transcription error for "Dreams and the unconscious").
By combining these correct associations, we obtain the pair matchings:
A-III, B-I, C-II, and D-IV.
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