Question Details

Methane reacts with steam at 1273K in the presence of nickel catalyst to form:

Options

A

CO and H2

B

CO and H2O

C

CO2 and H2O

D

CO2 and H2

Show Answer

Correct Answer :

Option A

CO and H2

CO and H2

Solution :

The correct answer is CO and H2.

**Step 1: Identify the reaction type**
Methane (CH4) reacting with steam (H2O) in the presence of a nickel catalyst at a very high temperature (1273 K) is the classic *steam‑reforming* process.

**Step 2: Write the overall balanced equation**
The primary reaction for steam reforming is:

CH4 + H2O → CO + 3 H2

This equation shows that one mole of methane reacts with one mole of water to produce one mole of carbon monoxide (CO) and three moles of hydrogen gas (H2).

**Step 3: Understand why this is the dominant pathway at 1273 K**
- The reaction is highly endothermic; the large temperature supplies the required energy.
- Nickel catalyzes the breaking of the C–H bonds in CH4 and the O–H bonds in H2O, facilitating the formation of CO and H2.
- At 1273 K the equilibrium constant favours the forward direction, so the mixture predominantly contains CO and H2.

**Step 4: Eliminate the other options**
- *CO and H2O* would imply no net reaction, which contradicts the high‑temperature, catalyst‑driven process.
- *CO2 and H2O* correspond to the water‑gas‑shift or oxidation side reactions, which are secondary and not the primary products under the given conditions.
- *CO2 and H2* would result from further oxidation of CO (the water‑gas‑shift reaction: CO + H2O → CO2 + H2), but this is not the main outcome of the initial steam‑reforming step.

**Conclusion**
Under the specified conditions—steam, 1273 K, nickel catalyst—the dominant products of methane reforming are carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen gas (H2).

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