Re-arrange the following parts of a sentence in their correct sequence to form a meaningful sentence.

(A) as a concept fundamental to
(B) especially with the injunction to treat equals equally
(C) justice is associated with the notion of equity and equality,
(D) ethical theory and political philosophy,

The correct option is (C), (A), (B), (D).

Let's analyze the sentence fragments step-by-step to understand why this is the correct sequence to form a meaningful and grammatically sound sentence:

1. Identifying the Subject and Main Verb (Part C):
Part (C) "justice is associated with the notion of equity and equality," introduces the main subject ("justice") and its primary association ("notion of equity and equality"). This is the logical starting point for the sentence, establishing who or what we are talking about.

2. Providing Further Elaboration (Part A):
Part (A) "as a concept fundamental to" naturally flows from the noun phrase "equity and equality" in Part (C). It explains how this notion or concept is positioned relative to academic disciplines, serving as a connector to the areas where it is fundamental.

3. Specifying the Academic Disciplines (Part D):
Part (D) "ethical theory and political philosophy," completes the prepositional phrase started in Part (A) ("fundamental to..."). It specifies the fields in which the concept of justice, equity, and equality is fundamental.

4. Adding Specific Details or Injunctions (Part B):
Part (B) "especially with the injunction to treat equals equally" provides a specific, detailed explanation of how equity and equality are applied. Placing this at the end of the sentence acts as an clarifying clause that expands on the core idea introduced in Part (C).

Putting it all together, the complete, reconstructed sentence reads:
"Justice is associated with the notion of equity and equality, as a concept fundamental to ethical theory and political philosophy, especially with the injunction to treat equals equally."