Question Details

Self-help groups (SHGs) have emerged as a transformative force in uplifting marginalized communities, particularly in the rural heartlands of India. An increasing number of underprivileged women across various states are actively enrolling in SHGs, engaging in activities such as savings mobilization, credit access, income-generating ventures, and sustainable management of local resources. The savings and credit mechanism within an SHG forms its core foundation, providing members a degree of financial control and the ability to invest in productive opportunities. The SHG model has demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in fostering women's empowerment by gradually dismantling the cycle of dependence, exploitation, and social exclusion. According to NABARD, an SHG is defined as a compact, economically similar cluster of rural poor individuals who come together voluntarily to pool savings and contribute jointly to a shared fund, which is then disbursed as loans based on collective decision-making. Typically, a self-help group is a community-level financial institution comprising around 10 to 20 local women. Members begin by making small, consistent contributions over several months until sufficient capital accumulates within the group to commence internal lending. These pooled funds may then be made available to members or to other residents of the community for a variety of needs. Over the years, SHGs have grown into a widespread and effective pillar of both rural and urban development across India. Women come together, inspire one another, and collectively forge new pathways toward sustainable livelihoods. The majority of SHGs are established without any initial external funding, relying solely on the modest but regular contributions of their members. After sustaining a consistent savings record, these groups begin extending small internal loans for micro-entrepreneurial activities and essential expenditures. Only those groups that demonstrate responsible management of their own resources become eligible for external financial support through linkages with banks and other formal financial institutions.

Read the given passage carefully and answer the following questions. Certain parts have been highlighted to help answer the questions.


Which of the following statements is/are incorrect based on the information provided in the passage?
(i) SHGs are typically made up of 10 to 20 underprivileged women from within the local community.
(ii) SHGs have played a significant role in alleviating poverty in the rural regions of India.
(iii) The benefits of self-help groups have been limited exclusively to rural communities and have not extended to urban areas.

Options

A

Both (ii) and (iii)

B

Both (i) and (ii)

C

Only (ii)

D

Only (iii)

E

Only (i)

Show Answer

Correct Answer :

Option D

Only (iii)

Solution :

The correct answer is Only (iii).


To determine which statement is incorrect, let us evaluate each of the statements step-by-step based strictly on the provided passage:


1. Analysis of Statement (i):
"SHGs are typically made up of 10 to 20 underprivileged women from within the local community."
The passage explicitly mentions: "Typically, a self-help group is a community-level financial institution comprising around 10 to 20 local women." Therefore, Statement (i) is correct.


2. Analysis of Statement (ii):
"SHGs have played a significant role in alleviating poverty in the rural regions of India."
The passage highlights: "Self-help groups (SHGs) have emerged as a transformative force in uplifting marginalized communities, particularly in the rural heartlands of India." Therefore, Statement (ii) is correct.


3. Analysis of Statement (iii):
"The benefits of self-help groups have been limited exclusively to rural communities and have not extended to urban areas."
The passage directly contradicts this statement by mentioning: "Over the years, SHGs have grown into a widespread and effective pillar of both rural and urban development across India." Because SHGs support urban areas in addition to rural regions, Statement (iii) is false and thus incorrect based on the passage.


Conclusion:
Since the question specifically asks for the statement(s) that is/are incorrect, only Statement (iii) is incorrect. Hence, the correct option is Only (iii).

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