Read the passage given below
Man is the only animal that laughs and weeps, for he is the only animal that is struck with the difference between what things are and what they ought to be. We weep at what exceeds our expectations in serious matters; we laugh at what disappoints our expectations in trifles. We shed tears from sympathy with real and necessary distress; as we burst into laughter from want of sympathy with that which is unreasonable and unnecessary. Tears are the natural and involuntary response of the mind overcome some sudden and violent emotions. Laughter is the same sort of convulsive and involuntary movement, occasioned by mere surprise or contrast. The serious is the stress which the mind lays upon the expectations of a given order of events and the weight attached to them. When this stress is increased beyond its usual intensity and strains the feelings by the violent opposition of good and bad, it becomes the tragic. The ludicrous is the unexpected relaxing of this stress below its usual intensity, by an abrupt transposition of ideas that the mind by surprise and startles it into lively sense of pleasure.

According to the passage which of the following is not true is case of tears and laughter?

The correct option is: They are both the result of violent emotions

Let us analyze the passage step-by-step to understand why this statement is not true according to the text, while the other options are true:

1. Involuntary Reactions: The passage states that tears are the "natural and involuntary response of the mind" and laughter is "the same sort of convulsive and involuntary movement". Therefore, both tears and laughter are indeed involuntary reactions, making the first option true.

2. Natural Emotions/Reactions to the World: The text mentions that man is "the only animal that is struck with the difference between what things are and what they ought to be" and explains how we weep at serious matters and laugh at trifles. This shows that both tears and laughter are natural responses and reactions to our experiences of the world, making the third and fourth options true.

3. Cause of Tears vs. Laughter: The passage explicitly notes that tears are a response of the mind overcome by "some sudden and violent emotions." In contrast, it states that laughter is "occasioned by mere surprise or contrast," and describes the ludicrous as "the unexpected relaxing of this stress... startles it into lively sense of pleasure."
Since laughter is triggered by surprise, contrast, or the relaxing of stress rather than violent emotions, the statement "They are both the result of violent emotions" is incorrect based on the passage.