Select the option that can be used as a one-word substitute for the given group of words.
The study of Man

The correct answer is Anthropology.

Let us analyze the given phrase and understand the meaning of each option:

1. Anthropology: Derived from the Greek root 'anthropos' (meaning human or man) and the suffix '-logy' (meaning study of). It is the scientific study of human beings, including their origins, development, culture, and societal structures. Therefore, it is the correct one-word substitute for "The study of Man".
2. Autobiography: An account of a person's life written by that person.
3. Biography: An account of a person's life written by someone else.
4. Biology: The scientific study of living organisms and life processes.

Thus, the correct choice is Anthropology.