Question Details

The divergence of the curl of a vector field is:

Options

A

the magnitude of this vector field

B

the argument of this vector field

C

the magnitude of the curl of this vector field

D

zero

Show Answer

Correct Answer :

Option D

zero

Solution :

The correct option is zero.

To understand why this is correct, let us consider a three-dimensional vector field:

F ( x , y , z ) = P i + Q j + R k

where P, Q, and R are scalar functions of x, y, and z that have continuous second-order partial derivatives.

Step 1: Find the curl of the vector field
The curl of a vector field F, denoted as ×F, is defined as:

× F = ( R y - Q z ) i + ( P z - R x ) j + ( Q x - P y ) k

Step 2: Find the divergence of the curl
The divergence of a vector field A=Axi+Ayj+Azk is given by A=Axx+Ayy+Azz. Applying this to our curl vector field, we get:

( × F ) = x ( R y - Q z ) <+> y ( P z - R x ) <+> z ( Q x - P y )

Expanding the derivatives using mixed partial notation:

( × F ) = 2 R x y - 2 Q x z + 2 P y z - 2 R y x + 2 Q z x - 2 P z y

According to Clairaut's theorem, if the partial derivatives are continuous, the order of differentiation does not matter. Therefore, we have:
2Pyz=2Pzy,
2Qxz=2Qzx, and
2Rxy=2Ryx.

Substituting these equalities into our expansion, all the terms cancel out pairs-wise, leading to:

( × F ) = 0

Thus, the divergence of the curl of any continuous, differentiable vector field is always zero.

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