The following table shows the number of males (M) and females (F) (in thousands) in Towns X and Y during the five years from 2018 to 2022. Based on the data in the table, answer the questions 1-5

Year wise numbers of Males and Females in two Towns (in thousands)

Table X			Table Y
Year	Number of Males	Number of Females	Number of Males	Number of Females
2018	50	49	53	53
2019	52	49	54	52
2020	55	52	55	54
2021	53	53	58	56
2022	55	52	62	55

Find the number of years in which the number of females in Town X and Y is less than their respective average numbers in these two towns.

The correct answer is Two, Two.

To solve this problem, we need to find the average number of females in each town over the five years (2018–2022), and then count how many years had female populations below that average — separately for Town X and Town Y.

Step 1: Extract the Female Data from the Table

From the table, the number of females (in thousands) for each year is:

Town X Females:
2018 → 49
2019 → 49
2020 → 52
2021 → 53
2022 → 52

Town Y Females:
2018 → 53
2019 → 52
2020 → 54
2021 → 56
2022 → 55

Step 2: Calculate the Average Number of Females in Town X

$\text{Average (Town X)}=\frac{49+49+52+53+52}{5}=\frac{255}{5}=51$

So the average number of females in Town X = 51 thousand.

Step 3: Find Years Where Town X Females < 51

Compare each year's female count against 51:
2018: 49 < 51 ✓ (below average)
2019: 49 < 51 ✓ (below average)
2020: 52 > 51 ✗
2021: 53 > 51 ✗
2022: 52 > 51 ✗

⇒ 2 years (2018 and 2019) in Town X had females below the average.

Step 4: Calculate the Average Number of Females in Town Y

$\text{Average (Town Y)}=\frac{53+52+54+56+55}{5}=\frac{270}{5}=54$

So the average number of females in Town Y = 54 thousand.

Step 5: Find Years Where Town Y Females < 54

Compare each year's female count against 54:
2018: 53 < 54 ✓ (below average)
2019: 52 < 54 ✓ (below average)
2020: 54 = 54 ✗ (equal, not less than)
2021: 56 > 54 ✗
2022: 55 > 54 ✗

⇒ 2 years (2018 and 2019) in Town Y had females below the average.

Conclusion:

The number of years in which the female population was less than the respective town average is 2 for Town X and 2 for Town Y, giving us the answer Two, Two.