Which of the following is/are the exclusive power(s) of Lok Sabha?

1. To ratify the declaration of Emergency

2. To pass a motion of no-confidence against the Council of Ministers

3. To impeach the President of India

Select the correct answer using the code given below

The correct answer is 2 only.

Let us analyze the powers of the Lok Sabha (the Lower House of the Parliament of India) in contrast to the Rajya Sabha (the Upper House) for each of the statements provided in the question:

1. To ratify the declaration of Emergency:
According to the Constitution of India, a proclamation of Emergency (under Article 352, Article 356, or Article 360) must be approved by both Houses of Parliament—the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha. Since both houses possess equal authority regarding this ratification, it is not an exclusive power of the Lok Sabha. Therefore, Statement 1 is incorrect.

2. To pass a motion of no-confidence against the Council of Ministers:
Article 75(3) of the Indian Constitution states that the Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha (House of the People). Consequently, a No-Confidence Motion can only be introduced and passed in the Lok Sabha. The Rajya Sabha does not have the power to pass a No-Confidence Motion. Thus, this is an exclusive power of the Lok Sabha, making Statement 2 correct.

3. To impeach the President of India:
Article 61 of the Constitution governs the impeachment procedure of the President. The impeachment charges can be initiated by either House of Parliament (Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha), and the resolution must be passed by both houses with a special majority of not less than two-thirds of the total membership. Because both houses share equal power in this process, it is not an exclusive power of the Lok Sabha. Therefore, Statement 3 is incorrect.

Since only Statement 2 is an exclusive power of the Lok Sabha, the correct option is "2 only".