Which of the following sentences will be the fourth sentence after rearrangement?

Five coherent sentences are given which are not necessarily in the correct order. Rearrange these sentences in a meaningful order to answer the questions.

(A)It strikes many people as unfair that some people are able to enjoy healthy, wealthy, happy lives whilst others continue to live in ill-health, and poverty.
(B) Some places have seen dramatic improvements, while others have not.
(C) For them it is the inequality in the outcomes of people’s lives that matters.
(D) Today’s global inequality is the consequence of two centuries of unequal progress.
(E) For others it is the inequality in opportunity – the opportunity to achieve good outcomes – that is unfair, and not the outcomes themselves.

The correct answer is Option C.

To determine the correct fourth sentence after rearrangement, let us analyze the logical flow and connections between the five given sentences:

(A) "It strikes many people as unfair that some people are able to enjoy healthy, wealthy, happy lives whilst others continue to live in ill-health, and poverty."
(B) "Some places have seen dramatic improvements, while others have not."
(C) "For them it is the inequality in the outcomes of people’s lives that matters."
(D) "Today’s global inequality is the consequence of two centuries of unequal progress."
(E) "For others it is the inequality in opportunity – the opportunity to achieve good outcomes – that is unfair, and not the outcomes themselves."

Step-by-step Logical Ordering:

1. Sentence (D) serves as the best introductory statement as it broadly introduces the main topic of "global inequality" and its historical background (two centuries of unequal progress).

2. Sentence (B) naturally follows (D) by elaborating on the "unequal progress": some places have improved dramatically while others have not.

3. Sentence (A) introduces how people perceive this situation as unfair—specifically pointing out the stark contrast in outcomes (healthy/wealthy vs. ill-health/poverty).

4. Sentence (C) directly connects to sentence (A). The pronoun "them" in (C) refers back to the "many people" mentioned in sentence (A) who view these unequal life outcomes as unfair ("For them it is the inequality in the outcomes...").

5. Sentence (E) contrasts with (C) using the phrase "For others...", presenting an alternative perspective focusing on inequality of opportunity rather than outcome.

Thus, the logical and coherent sequence of sentences is: D - B - A - C - E.

Looking at our rearranged order:

1st sentence: D
2nd sentence: B
3rd sentence: A
4th sentence: C
5th sentence: E

Therefore, the fourth sentence after rearrangement is (C).