Which of the following statements are correct?

(A) Glucocorticoids control the carbohydrate metabolism

(B) Testosterone is major female sex hormone

(C) Insulin is released in response to increase in blood (D) Hypothyroidism is caused by low level of thyroxine sugar

(E) Mineralocorticoid is major male sex hormone

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The correct option is (A), (C) and (D) only.

Let us analyze each statement step-by-step to understand why this option is correct:

Statement (A): Glucocorticoids control the carbohydrate metabolism.
This statement is correct. Glucocorticoids (such as cortisol) are steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex. They play a vital role in regulating glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism. Specifically, they stimulate gluconeogenesis (the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources) and decrease the uptake of glucose by peripheral tissues, thereby raising blood glucose levels.

Statement (B): Testosterone is major female sex hormone.
This statement is incorrect. Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone (androgen) responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics. In females, estrogen and progesterone are the major sex hormones, while testosterone is present only in very small amounts.

Statement (C): Insulin is released in response to increase in blood sugar.
This statement is correct. Insulin is a peptide hormone secreted by the beta cells of the pancreatic islets. When blood glucose (sugar) levels rise (e.g., after eating a meal), the pancreas releases insulin to facilitate the uptake of glucose by body cells (like muscle and fat cells) and stimulate glycogen synthesis in the liver, thereby bringing blood sugar levels back to normal.

Statement (D): Hypothyroidism is caused by low level of thyroxine.
This statement is correct. Thyroxine (T₄) is a major hormone secreted by the thyroid gland. Hypothyroidism is a medical condition characterized by an underactive thyroid gland that fails to produce sufficient amounts of thyroid hormones (thyroxine), leading to a slower metabolism and related symptoms.

Statement (E): Mineralocorticoid is major male sex hormone.
This statement is incorrect. Mineralocorticoids (such as aldosterone) are adrenal cortex hormones that regulate water and electrolyte (salt) balance in the body, primarily by promoting sodium retention and potassium excretion by the kidneys. They are not sex hormones.

Based on the analysis, only statements (A), (C), and (D) are correct, which matches the chosen option.