Which of the following statements related to project method in teaching of mathematics are correct ?

(a) It is a method based on learning by doing.

(b) It is a method in which the role of the learner is minimum.

(c) It is a method which turns the learners into a discoverer.

(d) It is always based on deduction.

Choose the correct option :

The correct option is (a) and (c).

Step-by-step Explanation:

The Project Method in teaching, originally conceptualized by William Heard Kilpatrick based on John Dewey's pragmatic philosophy, is a student-centered approach where learning takes place through purposeful, real-life tasks and activities.

Let us analyze each statement given in the question:

Statement (a): It is a method based on learning by doing.
This statement is correct. The project method strongly emphasizes experiential learning and hands-on activities ("learning by doing"). Students actively participate in planning, executing, and evaluating their project tasks.

Statement (b): It is a method in which the role of the learner is minimum.
This statement is incorrect. In the project method, the role of the learner is central and maximum, while the teacher acts merely as a guide, facilitator, or advisor.

Statement (c): It is a method which turns the learners into a discoverer.
This statement is correct. By working on real-world mathematical problems and investigating real-life situations, students explore concepts independently, developing problem-solving skills and turning into discoverers or researchers of knowledge.

Statement (d): It is always based on deduction.
This statement is incorrect. The project method is primarily inductive in nature, starting from specific hands-on experiences, observations, and concrete activities to arrive at general concepts or solutions, rather than being strictly limited to deductive reasoning.

Therefore, statements (a) and (c) are correct.