Which one of the following options best describes progressive education?

The correct option is Learning by doing, project method, cooperative learning.

Progressive Education is a pedagogical philosophy developed primarily by thinkers like John Dewey. It emphasizes experiential learning, practical experience, critical thinking, and collaborative group work rather than passive rote memorization or rigid testing.

Key components of progressive education include:

1. Learning by doing: Students actively engage in hands-on activities and real-world experiences to acquire knowledge and skills.

2. Project method: Learning is organized around interdisciplinary projects where learners investigate and solve real problems.

3. Cooperative learning: Emphasizes peer interaction, teamwork, and social skills development through collaborative group activities.

Other practices such as ranking, ability grouping, labeling students, and standard unit testing contradict the core principles of progressive education because they promote passive learning, segregation, and competitive environments rather than holistic student-centered development.