Arrange the following literary movements in chronological order of their emergence:
A. Imagism
B. Impressionism
C. Absurdism
D. Futurism
E. Pre-Raphaeliticism
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Correct Answer :
E, B, D, A, C
Solution :
The correct option is E, B, D, A, C.
To arrange these literary and artistic movements in the chronological order of their emergence, we look at the historical timeline of when each first appeared:
1. Pre-Raphaelitism (E): This movement was founded in 1848 in London by a group of English painters, poets, and art critics, including Dante Gabriel Rossetti, William Holman Hunt, and John Everett Millais. They sought to return to the detail, intense colors, and complex compositions of Quattrocento Italian art.
2. Impressionism (B): Originating as a movement in French painting in the 1860s and 1870s (with the first exhibition in 1874), it quickly influenced literature in the late 19th century, focusing on depicting the subjective, transient sensory impressions of characters rather than objective reality.
3. Futurism (D): This artistic and social movement was officially launched in Italy in 1909 with the publication of Filippo Tommaso Marinetti's Manifesto of Futurism, celebrating technology, speed, youth, and industrialization.
4. Imagism (A): A movement in early 20th-century Anglo-American poetry that favored precision of imagery and clear, sharp language. It emerged around 1912, spearheaded by figures such as Ezra Pound, H.D. (Hilda Doolittle), and Richard Aldington.
5. Absurdism (C): This philosophical and literary movement gained prominent ground in the mid-20th century, particularly after World War II in the late 1940s and 1950s, characterized by works (such as those by Albert Camus and Samuel Beckett) that depict human existence as lacking inherent meaning or purpose.
Ordering these movements from the earliest to the latest emergence yields the sequence: Pre-Raphaelitism (E) → Impressionism (B) → Futurism (D) → Imagism (A) → Absurdism (C). This corresponds directly to the sequence E, B, D, A, C.
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