Question Details

Arrange the following texts chronologically:
(A) Bharat’s Natyashastra
(B) Kshemendra’s Aucityavicharacharcha
(C) Bhamah’s Kavyalankara
(D) Kuntak’s Vakroktijivitam
(E) Anandavardhan’s Dhvanyaloka
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Options

A

(A), (E), (C), (D), (E)

B

(A), (C), (D), (E), (B)

C

(A), (C), (E), (D), (B)

D

(B), (A), (C), (E), (D)

Show Answer

Correct Answer :

Option C

(A), (C), (E), (D), (B)

Solution :

The correct option is (A), (C), (E), (D), (B).

To understand why this is the correct chronological order, let us look at the approximate time periods of each text and their authors:

(A) Bharat’s Natyashastra: This is the earliest treatise on performing arts, theatre, dance, and music in India. It is traditionally attributed to Sage Bharata Muni and is generally dated between 200 BCE and 200 CE.

(C) Bhamah’s Kavyalankara: Bhamaha was one of the earliest Sanskrit rhetoricians who formulated the theory of Alankara (figures of speech). His work, Kavyalankara, is dated to the 6th century CE (around the late 5th to early 6th century).

(E) Anandavardhan’s Dhvanyaloka: Anandavardhana formulated the Dhvani theory, suggesting that "suggestion" (dhvani) is the soul of poetry. He lived in the 9th century CE (specifically the late 9th century).

(D) Kuntak’s Vakroktijivitam: Kuntaka introduced the concept of Vakrokti (indirect or devious utterance) as the life-breath of poetry. He lived around the late 10th century to the early 11th century CE.

(B) Kshemendra’s Aucityavicharacharcha: Kshemendra propounded the theory of Aucitya (propriety) in poetry. He was a prominent Kashmiri poet and critic of the 11th century CE (around the mid-to-late 11th century).

Comparing the chronological order of these periods:
1. (A) Natyashastra (c. 200 BCE – 200 CE)
2. (C) Kavyalankara (c. 6th century CE)
3. (E) Dhvanyaloka (c. 9th century CE)
4. (D) Vakroktijivitam (c. 10th–11th century CE)
5. (B) Aucityavicharacharcha (c. 11th century CE)

Therefore, the chronological sequence is (A) → (C) → (E) → (D) → (B).

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