Which of the following texts deals with the theme of colonization?

The correct option is Wide Sargasso Sea.

Jean Rhys's 1966 novel Wide Sargasso Sea is a seminal postcolonial work that serves as a feminist and postcolonial prequel to Charlotte Brontë's 19th-century novel Jane Eyre. Set in the Caribbean (specifically Jamaica and Dominica) during the 1830s, shortly after the passage of the Slavery Abolition Act of 1833, the novel directly engages with the themes and aftermath of British colonization.
The story centers on Antoinette Cosway, a white Creole heiress, whose identity, wealth, and sanity are systematically dismantled by her English husband (representing the imperial colonizer). Through her tragic journey, the novel explores several key aspects of colonization:
1. Cultural and Social Displacement: It depicts the complex racial hierarchies and class tensions in a post-emancipation society, where Creoles are rejected by both the native Caribbean population and the English colonizers.
2. Imperialist Exploitation: Antoinette's husband exploits her wealth and attempts to strip away her native identity, symbolizing the imperialist domination and erasure of the colonized subject's identity.
3. Psychological Trauma: The novel illustrates the severe psychological toll of colonial alienation, patriarchal oppression, and displacement, which ultimately leads to Antoinette's confinement and madness.
Consequently, Wide Sargasso Sea is highly celebrated for its critical examination of the destructive legacy of colonial rule.