Who is the author of the essay “Three women’s texts and a critique of imperialism” (1985)?

The correct option is Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak.

Explanation and Context:
“Three Women’s Texts and a Critique of Imperialism” is a seminal essay in postcolonial literary theory published in 1985 by the prominent scholar and feminist critic Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak. In this influential work, Spivak examines the relationship between nineteenth-century Anglo-American feminist literature and the historical project of British imperialism.

Key Arguments of the Essay:
Spivak focuses her critical analysis on three major literary works:
1. Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre (1847)
2. Jean Rhys's Wide Sargasso Sea (1966)
3. Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (1818)

Through these texts, Spivak argues that early Western feminist literature is deeply complicit with imperialism. She demonstrates how the realization and independence of the white European female protagonist (such as Jane Eyre) are constructed at the expense of, and through the violent marginalization of, the colonized female subject (exemplified by Bertha Mason, the Creole "madwoman in the attic"). Spivak's essay remains a cornerstone of postcolonial studies for its critique of how Western feminism historically overlooked the struggles of women in the global South.